Due to the long horizon and the unpredictable nature of (changes to) systems, it is particularly relevant for transition issues to monitor and (intermittently) evaluate the effects of interventions. In this way, knowledge is gained about the possible effects of the manner in which the intervention was taken, which can be directly fed back into the process, in order to support iterative further development and adjustment. Interventions often take place in an uncertain, complex and dynamic environment, where the ultimate effects also depend on other factors and systems, such as breakthroughs and innovations abroad. It is therefore important to gain insight into the changes (direction, speed, and impact) during the intervention. Although these measurements mainly take place during and after an intervention, it is very important to think about monitoring and effect measurements (M&E) especially before the start of the project. For correct monitoring and effect measurement it is important to have a clear and unambiguous picture of the end goals, to select and develop the right indicators for this, and to link the methods to this. This allows you to develop insight into the course of the project and the associated uncertainties. Due to the complex and dynamic nature of transition issues, it must be possible to adjust the adaptive approach, including policy mix and methods, during the process on the basis of progress.